Posts Tagged ‘FBAR’

But how can we slap money launderers on the wrist if we don’t throw the book at widows?

Friday, April 26th, 2013 by Joe Kristan

20130426-1Absolutely stunning and wonderful news out of Florida in a highly-publicized offshore account case.  From the Palm Beach Daily News:

U.S. District Judge Kenneth Ryskamp sentenced Mary Estelle Curran of Palm Beach to one year probation Thursday on tax charges, before revoking the sentence five seconds later and sending her out of the courtroom a free woman.

Ryskamp chastised the government for prosecuting the 79-year-old woman when 38,000 other people in the same situation were given immunity.

The woman had inherited Swiss bank accounts from her wealthy husband.  Her lawyer had tried to get her into the offshore disclosure program, but the IRS turned her down because her name was on a list provided by Swiss bank UBS.  She pleaded guilty to two false return charges.  The judge blasted the government for bringing criminal charges:

Based on these facts, did it ever occur to the government to dismiss these charges,” Ryskamp said. “Instead, the government decided it had to make a felon out of this woman?”

That’s been the IRS approach to offshore accounts all along.  The IRS has done a terrible job distinguishing the bad guys from inadvertent violators, hitting people who have come forward with accidental violations with ridiculous penalties, rather than welcoming them into compliance — while often letting bigger fish swim away.  But the government had no apologies to offer:

Mark Daly, from the Department of Justice Tax Division, told Ryskamp that Curran’s husband, Mortimer, was a “very wealthy man” and shouldn’t have turned to a foreign national for an interpretation of U.S. Law.”

Mortimer is beyond the prosecutors’ reach, so burn the widow!  In addition to setting her free, the judge urged her to apply for a presidential pardon, which he promised to endorse.

Related:

Jack Townsend,  Sentencing Judge on Offshore Prosecution Chastises the Government for Lack of Judgment

Bloomberg News,  Widow Gets Less Than Minute of Probation in U.S. Tax Case

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Tax Roundup, 11/6/2012: Election day! And a flawed Plan B.

Tuesday, November 6th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Brutal Assault on Reason Watch.*  Today is election day, so we’ll run one more rundown of election-related news.  We”ll start with my post from last week at IowaBiz.com, Tax stakes for entrepreneurs next Tuesday.  An excerpt:

Mitt Romney’s tax plan is built around a 20% across-the-board individual tax rate cut, to be paid for by a eliminated deductions and tax breaks. He would also repeal the 3.8% investment income tax. 

These individual rates are important to entrepreneurs because most business are now organized as “pass-throughs” — typically as S corporations or LLCs taxed as partnerships. Income of pass-through businesses is taxed on their owners’ 1040s, so the top individual rate is also the top rate on business income. The Romney approach, with its 28% top rate, takes the tax law in a very different direction than the Obama 44%+ top rate.

 Also:

Kay Bell,  Ways and Means, Senate Finance incumbents should hold tax-writing seats

Robert D. Flach commands, VOTE!

Martin A. Sullivan,  The Post-Election Fiscal Mess (Tax.com)

Joseph Thorndike,  Soda Taxes and the Case for a GOP Majority (Tax.com)

Joseph Henchman,  State and Local Ballot Initiatives to Watch (Tax Policy Blog)

TaxGrrrl,   More Reasons to Vote: Election Day Freebies and Promos

*The “Brutal Assault on Reason Watch” is my roundup of election-related tax posts.  The title comes from Arnold Kling’s description of political campaigns:

To me, political campaigns are not sacred events, to be eagerly anticipated and avidly followed. They are brutal assaults on reason. I look forward to election season about as much as a gulf coast resident looks forward to hurricane season.

So if your post is listed in the Brutal Assault on Reason Watch, it doesn’t mean your post was a brutal assault on reason (though it happens).  It means that it had something to do with election season.

 

Richard Morrison,  Chart of the Day: High Earners and Business Income

 

Don’t ask if you’re not ready to tell.  If you inquire about participating in the IRS offshore voluntary disclosure program and you let slip who you are, you’d better be prepared to follow through.  From Tax Analysts ($link):

Rebecca Sparkman, CI director (operations policy and support), said that CI checks to ensure that taxpayers who undergo a pre-clearance check for acceptance into the voluntary disclosure programs follow through with disclosure. “Those [taxpayers] are suspect, and we are looking at those who decided not to continue to come through. Will it be Criminal Investigation? I don’t know; it could be a civil audit,” she said at the annual meeting of the California Tax Bar and California Tax Policy Conference in Coronado, Calif.

The IRS is long overdue for a standing simple offshore amnesty, like many states have for business non-filers.  If a taxpayers who have not been contacted by the IRS would file, say, five years of FBARS, asset disclosures and amended returns, and owe less than some generous threshold of tax — maybe $250,000 — then offshore sins would be forgiven and they can get on with their lives.  Maybe next Commissioner.

 

Many talents, but tax compliance wasn’t one of them.  A man with multiple skills will have a restricted arena in which to use them for many years.  An Ohio attorney last week received an 85-month sentence after being convicted of tax offenses, false statements and witness tampering.  From a Department of Justice press release:

According to the indictment, which was returned on June 23, 2010, and the evidence admitted at trial, Rick Matsa, who in addition to being an attorney was also an architect, a real estate broker, and a licensed minister in Ohio, created and operated several nominee entities in order to disguise and conceal his income and assets from the IRS. The false trust return charges relate to filings for at least five separate trust entities during the tax years 2003 to 2005.   In fact, the evidence at trial showed that he had been filing similarly false returns for the trusts dating back to 1990.   Each of the trusts reported receiving significant amounts of interest income each year, yet no income tax was ever reported as due because the trust tax returns fraudulently claimed deductions for distributions purportedly paid annually to a foreign beneficiary.

At least he wasn’t an accountant.  Plans like this can work great, until the IRS notices them, and then they don’t work at all.  Plan B also went badly:

 The evidence at trial further showed that after learning of the federal grand jury investigation into his business activities in May of 2006, Rick Matsa, together with Loula Matsa and others, conspired to obstruct justice by concealing evidence from the grand jury, making false statements to the grand jury, creating false documents, tampering with witnesses and lying to federal investigators.  

Rick Matsa’s tenant, P. Maria Galloway, the owner of an art gallery located next door to Matsa’s law firm, also testified after pleading guilty to conspiracy to obstruct justice.   Galloway testified that she signed numerous documents at Rick Matsa’s direction, including federal income tax returns for Matsa’s law firm and a number of his nominee entities, which Matsa used as part of his scheme to obstruct the IRS, and that she made false statements to agents and the grand jury during the investigation.

I bet that stuff wasn’t in her lease.

The Moral?  People who think trusts have magical powers to make your taxable income go away are mistaken.  You might be able to fool the IRS for awhile, but with enough time the IRS is likely to figure it out.  When Plan B involves getting your tenant to sign false papers for you, maybe it’s time to look at a plea deal.

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Tax Roundup, 7/10/2012: A truly Rich expatriate; the tax effects of executive politics; just park it by the pole.

Tuesday, July 10th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Lynnley Browning at Reuters reports that “Denise Rich Renounces U.S. Citizenship, Will Save Tens Of Millions In Tax Dollars,”  prompting millions to wonder, who is Denise Rich?  Celine Dion fans (I’ve never met one, but I know they are out there) will know her as the songwriter behind Celine’s “Love is On the Way,” but political junkies know her as the wife of Marc Rich, the former fugitive billionaire who stopped running when Denise pulled enough strings and spread enough cash around to get him a pardon at the end of the Clinton administration.

Her move prompted some folks to tell her not to let the door hit her on the way out, and perhaps anybody who enables Celine Dion deserves a little venom.  But we should ponder for a moment why money is fleeing the country like deposits fleeing a Greek bank.  Mark Steyn tells us why celebrating her departure is unseemly:

… all this “what sort of red-blooded American renounces her citizenship over tax?” stuff is a wee bit much. It is the Government of the United States, uniquely in the civilized world, that binds citizenship to tax. An American who falls in love with an Uzbek or takes a job helping starving Third World children in Southern Sudan remains liable for US taxation and has to file US paperwork that is, in fact, more onerous than that required of US residents, and is about to get more so…

Most countries tax you if you live within their borders, some tax you if you live elsewhere but earn money within their jurisdiction, but only America claims the right to tax you simply for being American – even if you, say, live in Belgium but drive over the border to work in Luxembourg every day. This is unique to the United States: Spain taxes you if you’re a resident of Spain, Slovenia taxes you if you’re a resident of Slovenia, but America taxes you if you’re an American who’s working as a teacher in Gabon. You’re at permanent risk of double-taxation, and the fines for minor and accidental infraction are arbitrary and confiscatory.

As I say, no other developed country does this – although Eritrea does.

On January 1st 2013, all this gets worse. The FATCAT act (technically, it’s FATCA, but we all get the acronymic message) makes it not worth a foreign bank’s while to do business with Americans. I don’t just mean Mitt Romney’s chums in the Cayman Islands, but an American of modest means on a two-year secondment to Hong Kong requiring a small checking account with which to pay local utility bills – or a small businessman attempting to expand his distribution in Canada.

IRS Commissioner Shulman’s shoot-the-jaywalkers approach to offshore tax compliance, combined with half-baked populist legislation against “the rich” that punishes Americans abroad and businesses for committing everyday finance, is quietly bleeding our economy with a thousand little cuts.  Fabulously-wealthy people like Denise Rich can take a hike, but most of us are stuck here.  We can berate her as “unpatriotic” for leaving, but when you get that $10,000 fine for being one-day late in reporting that bank account you inherited from Uncle Hans in the old country, she’ll have the last laugh.

The TaxProf has moreUpdate: Matt Welch on the Dark Side of Anti-”Swiss Bank Account” Politics”

But we can still move within the country:  Did a Maryland Tax Increase Cause Taxpayers to Flee the State?  (Russ Fox)

Nanette Byrnes: Study: Companies of Republican CEOs pay more tax than Democrats’ (Tax Break).  Why?  One theory is that Democratic CEOs would tend to be in industries that play the government for tax breaks, like low-income housing and renewable fuels, and that Democrats are more comfortable with politicians playing God with the economy.  Unfortunately, the desire  to meddle with the economy via tax breaks is one thing both parties can agree on.

But we knew that before it become official: It’s Official: Tax Gridlock Until After November Election (Janet Novack)

William Perez, Tax Reform Proposal from the Bipartisan Policy Center

Blaming the accountant: Rihanna Files Suit, Alleges Financial Mismanagement Resulted in Tax Audit (TaxGrrrl)

Anybody could lose track of $800,000 in singles.  Take this hard-working Ohio attorney described by Cincinnati.com:

Sparta attorney Meredith “Larry” Lawrence will be sentenced in October on federal tax evasion charges for failing to report income from various sources – including Racers Gentleman’s Club in Sparta.

A jury found him guilty Friday on three counts of filing a false tax return for three consecutive years, starting in 2005.

Attorney by day, strip club operator by night?  “Gentlemen’s clubs” tend to be open late.  Maybe he was just sleep deprived?

During the two week trial, Assistant U.S. Attorney Elaine Leonhard described how federal agents found $800,000 in Lawrence’s safety deposit boxes.

She described how fees collected from women who stripped at the club would be stuffed in a white envelope and delivered to Lawrence once a week. Strippers were independent contractors required to pay “house fees” to dance at the club. The strippers even had to pay a parking fee.

“Parking fee?” Yes, the glamor has truly gone out of show business.

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Tax Roundup, June 28, 2012: Obamacare Judgement Day and other masterminded schemes

Thursday, June 28th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Flickr image courtesy Evil Erin under Creative Commons license.

Haven’t filed your FBAR Form TD F 90.22-1 for foreign financial accounts?  File it now!  It’s due June 30.

Today is Judgement Day for the Supreme Court decision on the Affordable Care Act, AKA Obamacare.  Key tax-related provisions on the line:

- A .9% surtax on single taxpayer wages over $200,000 and joint wages over $250,000, effective in 2013.

- A 3.8 % surtax on “unearned” income – interest, dividends, capital gains and “passive” income from pass-through business activities, when AGI exceeds $200,000 for single filers and $250,000 for joint filers, effective in 2013.

- A $2,500 limit in flexible spending account contributions, effective in 2013

- Increase in the AGI floor for medical deductions starting in 2013 from 7.5% of AGI to 10%.  The increase will be deferred through 2016 for taxpayers over age 65.

- The IRS-enforced penalties for failure to buy health insurance, effective in 2014.

Of course, the 10% tax on tanning booths has been in effect for some time.  We will post on the decision later today.

Why are capital gains taxed at a lower rate? The Tax Policy Blog has a post appropriately-titled “Why Capital Gains are taxed at a Lower Rate.”

First, the tax is not adjusted for inflation, so any appreciation of assets is taxed at the nominal instead of the real value. This means investors must pay tax not only on the real return but also on the inflation created by the Federal Reserve.

Second, the capital gains tax is merely part of a long line of federal taxation of the same dollar of income.  Wages are first taxed by payroll and personal income taxes, then again by the corporate income tax if one chooses to invest in corporate equities, and then again when those investments pay off in the form of dividends and capital gains.  This puts corporations at a disadvantage relative to pass through business entities, whose owners pay personal income tax on distributed profits, instead of taxes on corporate income, capital gains, and dividends.  One way corporations mitigate this excessive taxation is through debt rather than equity financing, since interest is deductible.  This creates perverse incentives to over leverage, contributing to the boom and bust cycle.

Finally, a capital gains tax, like nearly all of the federal tax code, is a tax on future consumption.  Future personal consumption, in the form of savings, is taxed, while present consumption is not. By favoring present over future consumption, savings are discouraged, which decreases future available capital and lowers long term growth.

The capital gain rate is the biggest reason why the highest-income taxpayers have a lower effective rate.  The reason their income is high is usually becuase they have a once-in-a-lifetime windfall from the sale of a business or asset.  It is the biggest reason used for the push for the inane “Buffett rule.”  As the Tax Policy Blog post points out, though, the U.S. already has one of the highest effective tax rates on capital gains amoung the major economies, behind only Italy, Denmark and France.

Tax Court Denies Charitable Deduction for Home Demolished by Fire Department in Training Exercise (TaxProf)  The Tax Court once again held that allowing a fire department to burn down a home is not the same thing as giving a home to the fire department.  The right to burn a building is a very different thing than full ownership of the building.  The decision should be no surprise, as we discussed back in February.  More from Anthony Nitti.

Why you should use the EFTPS program to monitor your payroll tax deposits online, even if you outsource your payroll function: Operator of Payroll Companies Charged in North Carolina with Federal Fraud and Money Laundering Crimes.  If your payroll service steals money  you set aside for payroll taxes, the IRS still wants you to pay up. 
 
 
 
 
Jason Dinesen, Planning for Alternative Minimum Tax in 2012.  If Congress doesn’t re-enact the “AMT Patch,” you might have an $8000 or so tax increase due in April.
 
Watching the watchdogs:  Tax Court Finds IRS Compliance Officer Liable for Civil Fraud Penalty (Jack Townsend).  She claimed deductions that the court decided were bogus.
 
 
Is it right to call somebody who organizes a really stupid crime a “mastermind?” From Kansascity.com:

A California man pleaded guilty Tuesday to a tax fraud scheme that federal prosecutors allege was masterminded by a Kansas City man.

The plea of John V. Perdido of Temecula, Calif., is the second among 14 defendants in the alleged conspiracy to receive nearly $100 million in fraudulent refunds from the Internal Revenue Service. Perdido received a refund of $805,749 and spent more than half of it on property and a car in the Philippines among other things.

The alleged conspirators filed for big federal refunds based on the idea that we all have huge amounts of cash on deposit with the federal government in our names, which we can tap if we file the right tax forms. Another Professor Moriarty, that mastermind.
 

 

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IRS finally realizes that not all taxpayers with offshore accounts are notorious tax cheats

Wednesday, June 27th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

After years of treating every American abroad like a high-rolling tax cheat for simply having a normal financial life, it has finally dawned on the IRS that not everybody with an offshore bank account is a tax cheat.  Janet Novack explains:

The IRS said today that beginning Sept 1., those expatriates, dual citizens and green card holders living abroad who owe less than $1,500 a year on unfiled 1040s will be eligible for special relief. They will only have to file three years of back tax returns. And while they’ll have to file six years of back FBARS, they won’t get hit with an FBAR penalty. Moreover, participants in certain foreign tax deferred retirement plans such as the Canadian RRSPs ( like IRAs) will be able to exclude the deferred income from their back returns.  In the past, these foreign residents were stuck  because they hadn’t applied for income tax deferral on a timely basis.

This is long overdue.  Many expatriate citizens lived a normal life, marrying overseas and opening bank accounts like they would at home, with no idea that they were required to file form TD F 90-22.1 if their account balances exceeded $10,000.  There are severe financial penalties for non-filing, but honest citizens — most of whom owed little or no tax — found themselves treated like international money launderers when they signed up for the so-called amnesties for international non-filers.  The IRS, caught be surprise at the wide interest in the program, sadly understaffed it and enforced it with what I call a “shooting jaywalkers” mentality.

Ms. Novack passes on a story of how the new rules will help:

Robert E. McKenzie, a tax partner at the Chicago law firm of Arnstein & Lehr and a Forbes contributor, offered an example of one of his clients who he believes will be helped enormously by the new relief.  She is a retired widow, has lived in Canada for 30 years, has $150,000 in an RRSP and another $150,000 or so in other Canadian accounts. Under the 2011 OVDP, the IRS had demanded a $75,000 FBAR penalty from her. Now, she should be excused from any penalty.

Why the IRS didn’t have a program like this from the start of its offshore enforcement pogrom is beyond me.  Better late than never, though.   Still, they have yet to set up a similar program for U.S. residents with similar FBAR problems, such as green card holders who didn’t realize that they needed to tell the IRS about their bank accounts back home, or American citizens who have inherited bank accounts from foreign relatives.  I guess when it comes to providing relief to innocent taxpayers, the IRS feels that it has to dispense justice with an eyedropper.

The details of the new program are in IR-2012-65, taking effect on September 1.  The IRS will apparenly announce ahead of that time details, like where and how to file under the new program.  Meanwhile, Americans abroad with offshore accounts can breathe easier and watch for the additional details to emerge.  Meanwhile, remember that 2011 Form TD F 90.22-1 is due June 30, and that a bunch of new offshore reporting requirements for financial assets not in bank accounts also took effect for 2011 1040s.

Related:

Jack Towsend: IRS Announces Penalty Mitigation for Super Minnow US Taxpayers Living Abroad; RRSP (6/26/12).

Prior Tax Update coverage:

Shooting jaywalkers, wrist-tapping GE

Wall Street Journal coverage of the great IRS jaywalker hunt

Associated Press, here are your tax cheats.

Shooting jaywalkers so we can slap the real criminals on the wrist

Darth Shulman to foreign account holders: I am altering the deal. Pray I don’t alter it any further.

 

 

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All offshore taxpayers look alike to Shulman

Monday, April 9th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Jack Townsend explains the fundamental problem with how the IRS treats offshore taxpayers:

I wonder if the Commissioner really understands how misfocused the program really is.  Does he really understand the difference between whales and minnows, both of which he sweeps into the same net?  Punishment should not be the same for both.  Yet, the IRS offers a program of one size fits all, where the penalties [are the same]  for the whales (most of whom are really bad guys in terms of tax noncompliance) and the minnows (most of who are not).

Does he understand?  If the worst commissioner ever does understand, he sure has a funny way of showing it.

Related: Shooting jaywalkers so we can slap the real criminals on the wrist

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Justice is served on another international tax evader!

Tuesday, March 27th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Whenever the IRS trumpets an international tax crackdown, credulous reporters take for granted that it’s only evil rich tax cheats that get swept up.  Phil Hodgen knows better, telling the story of a taxpayer who came to the U.S. with a work permit, but left ruined by Commissioner Shulman’s jaywalker hunt.

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Quick hits

Wednesday, March 21st, 2012 by Joe Kristan

There’s much good stuff out there on taxes that I would to spend all day reading and posting about.  Tax returns pay better, though, so here are links to better reading for those of you with more persistence and longer attention spans:

Finally, Andrew Mitchel shows how voluntary expatriations have soared in the wake of the IRS foreign compliance pogrom, with this chart:

http://intltax.typepad.com/.a/6a00e54fb13f5188340168e8ff8a37970c-pi

Courtesy Andrew Mitchel

When you fire into the crowd, the crowd will scatter.

 

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Judge intervenes in jaywalker shooting

Thursday, March 8th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

A 64-year old Pennsylvania man, a Mr. Purpura, avoided deportation for a paperwork foot-fault thanks to a sensible Federal judge. The judge threw out a plea agreement that would have led to the man’s deportation for… well, we’ll let the Judge explain:

An investigation by the United States into the criminal conduct of another person led to the examination of Purpura’s income tax returns. It was determined that his tax returns incorrectly certified that Purpura did not have any financial interest in bank accounts in his native country of Italy or in any foreign nation during the two years in question, 1990 and 1991. In fact, Mr. Purpura did maintain bank accounts during that period of time in Italy. However, it was also determined that these mis-statements did not result in any tax loss to the United States. The investigation further established that Purpura was not involved in any way in the criminal conduct of the other person.

So the guy paid all his taxes — he just failed to file the FBAR paperwork. He pleaded guilty to to paperwork charge, and deportation proceedings got underway, much to Mr. Purpura’s surprise and consternation. He was, after all, married, a permanent U.S. legal resident who had immigrated from Italy long ago, and had no other legal troubles.
Jack Townsend has the whole story.

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IRS Commissioner Shulman: you obey the law. Me, that’s different.

Monday, February 20th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

The IRS hasn’t been known for sympathy for inadvertent violators of the foreign account reporting rules. Americans inheriting foreign property from distant relatives, young Americans who moved abroad to start a career, children born in the U.S. who have lived abroad since infancy — all face stern wrath, and big fines, for not filing foreign financial account disclosures that they had no idea existed.
You would think that a Commissioner so stern about punishing foot-faults would be extra careful about obeying the rules itself, if he had a smidgen of shame or self-awareness. Apparently not.
Tax Analysts reports that IRS Commissioner Doug Shulman will simply ignore his statutory duty to respond to a Taxpayer Advocate Directive on abuses of offshore taxpayers in the Offshore Voluntary Disclosure program. From the story ($link):

IRS Commissioner Douglas Shulman has no plans to respond in writing to National Taxpayer Advocate Nina Olson’s taxpayer advocate directive (TAD) on the IRS offshore voluntary disclosure program (OVDP) despite a statutory requirement that taxpayer advocate recommendations be responded to within 90 days, Olson said February 17.
According to Olson, who spoke at the Individual and Family Taxation session of the American Bar Association Section of Taxation meeting in San Diego, Shulman told her that section 7803(c), which requires the commissioner to formally respond to any taxpayer advocate recommendation within three months of its submission, applies only to the taxpayer advocate’s annual report and not to recommendations made through TADs or taxpayer assistance orders (TAOs).

How convenient for him. Let’s see what Section 7803(c) says:

(3) Responsibilities of Commissioner
The Commissioner shall establish procedures requiring a formal response to all recommendations submitted to the Commissioner by the National Taxpayer Advocate within 3 months after submission to the Commissioner.

That’s “all recommendations.” Not “all recommendations submitted in the annual report of the Taxpayer Advocate.” Not “all recommendations under this Section.” Just “all recommendations.” If there was a 50% annual penalty assessed on the balance of the Commissioner’s bank and retirement accounts for failing to respond on time — the same penalty that he is gleefully assessing on offshore account non-reporters — I bet he would have responded. After all, unlike the unwitting victims of the offshore compliance jaywalker hunt, it’s clear the Commissioner is well aware of this requirement.

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Is now the time to dump overdue FBARs on the IRS?

Wednesday, February 15th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Maybe. Phil Hodgen passes on a report that the Detroit center that processes foreign financial account disclosures is behind in processing “millions” of the forms. Phil ponders the pros and cons:

This tells me that if you are a normal person with unfiled FBARs, now is the time to dump them into the system. Your delinquent filings will be compared against the cohort of other filings entering into the system. In your favor you have IRS overload and you have a very large bell curve distribution of taxpayers.
The hard decision is to guess how you look compared to the expected pool of filers. Among those “millions of documents” what will yours look like? You hope that the IRS behaves like Foghorn J. Leghorn. The person who opens your envelope merely glances at your FBARs, and snaps “Go, I say, go away, boy. Ya bother me.” (Sound file)
That decision is where you need to talk to someone smart and experienced.

Good advice. Just hope the IRS clerks aren’t feeling all Clint Eastwood, rather than Foghorn Leghorn.

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Foreign account reporting when you are under the $10,000 FBAR limit

Tuesday, February 7th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Even if your foreign bank account never reached $10,000, you still have to tell the IRS about it. Russ Fox explains.

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Jaywalkers flee the gunfire

Thursday, February 2nd, 2012 by Joe Kristan

From Andrew Mitchel’s International Tax Blog:

In 2011, the total number of expatriates was 1,781, a 16% increase from 2010. Last year had the highest number of expatriates since at least 2004 (when I started keeping these records), and perhaps the most in any year in U.S. history.
According to the I.R.S., an estimated five to seven million U.S. citizens reside abroad. Many of these individuals have never lived in the U.S. and never expect to live in the U.S. However, these U.S. citizens must annually file U.S. tax returns.
For example, I spoke with a Canadian the other day who was born to two U.S. citizen parents in Canada. This individual therefore is a U.S. citizen. However, he has never lived in the U.S. and never expects to live in the U.S. Despite that he has never lived in the U.S., he will have to file U.S. tax returns for his entire working life.

The IRS hits people like these — many of whom had no idea they were supposed to be filing — with severe financial penalties. Meanwhile, it provides relatively cushy deals with actual criminals through its OVDI program, because you have to shoot the jaywalkers to really slap the wrists of the serious offenders. No wonder the jaywalkers don’t want to play anymore.
Update: The TaxProf has more.

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Shooting jaywalkers, wrist-tapping GE

Thursday, January 26th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

GE just lost an appeal on a big basis-shifting tax shelter, to the point of getting hit with a 20% penalty. While that seems bad, Jack Townsend makes an arresting comparision of GE’s consequences from a “BS” shelter attempting to save GE over $60 million with the treatment of foot-faulters being hammered under the IRS pogrom against offshore tax evasion. From Mr. Townsend:

Was GE’s conduct in this case any more morally upright or commendable than most of the persons who have been herded into OVDP 2009 and OVDI 2011 with far more draconian penalties? Yet, GE drew a relatively light 20% penalty.

Because you have to shoot the jaywalkers to wrist-tap the bad guys.
Related: Darth Shulman to foreign account holders: I am altering the deal. Pray I don’t alter it any further.

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IRS begins third jaywalker hunt

Tuesday, January 10th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

News from the IRS yesterday:

The Internal Revenue Service today reopened the offshore voluntary disclosure program to help people hiding offshore accounts get current with their taxes and announced the collection of more than $4.4 billion so far from the two previous international programs.
The IRS reopened the Offshore Voluntary Disclosure Program (OVDP) following continued strong interest from taxpayers and tax practitioners after the closure of the 2011 and 2009 programs. The third offshore program comes as the IRS continues working on a wide range of international tax issues and follows ongoing efforts with the Justice Department to pursue criminal prosecution of international tax evasion. This program will be open for an indefinite period until otherwise announced.
“Our focus on offshore tax evasion continues to produce strong, substantial results for the nation

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Taxpayer advocate tries to distract the jaywalker shooters

Friday, January 6th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

Practitioners, including me, have been saying that the IRS administration of the offshore disclosure “amnesty” has been cruel and incompetent. Apparently Taxpayer Advocate Nina Olsen agrees, reports Tax Analysts in a shocking, and unfortunately gated, report:

Arguing that IRS examiners treated some participants in the 2009 offshore voluntary disclosure program (OVDP) unfairly, the national taxpayer advocate has invoked a rarely used administrative tool to try to force the IRS Large Business and International and Small Business/Self-Employed divisions to change their audit procedures. That dispute has escalated and now awaits a final decision by IRS Commissioner Douglas Shulman.
At issue is whether the IRS must revoke a March 1, 2011, memo directing examiners to stop accepting less than the 20 percent offshore penalty as apparently permitted in OVDP FAQ 35 and instead instruct those examiners to assume a violation was not willful unless they can prove otherwise.

It’s not encouraging that the decision rests in the hands of Commissioner Shulman, who hasn’t lifted a finger to intervene in a process that has infamously treated Americans abroad and U.S. residents with foreign accounts as presumed criminals, hitting minor and harmless violations of obscure rules with absurd fines.
The Tax Anaysts story explains that the Taxpayer Advocate Directive is the biggest gun in the Taxpayer Advocate’s arsenal, and is rarely used. It says the IRS overrode a provision in its own amnesty with a secret (now released) memo ruling out leniency towards inadvertent violators.
It remains to be seen whether Commissioner Shulman will start to undo the damage. It’s a big job. From the Tax Analysts story:

Practitioners echoed Olson’s concerns that the missteps in the OVDP have implications beyond the program participants. “It’s all about long-term compliance,” said [tax attorney Mark E.] Matthews. As a result of the hard-line approach in the OVDP and the OVDI, as well as the coming Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act reporting requirements, foreigners have become convinced that the IRS is liable to be unreasonable. “It is not going to be easy to fix that,” he said.

Once you start shooting jaywalkers, it’s hard to get the others to cooperate.
Related: We will continue to execute jaywalkers ruthlessly, for their own good.

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Wall Street Journal coverage of the great IRS jaywalker hunt

Wednesday, January 4th, 2012 by Joe Kristan

The unrelenting efforts of Congress and Commissioner Shulman to clobber Americans abroad for foot-fault violations of tax reporting requirements — to shoot the jaywalkers to encourage the others — has gotten the attention of the Wall Street Journal editorial page. From William McGurn:

At the end of the day, after all, the global economy is really about human beings interacting with one another, bettering themselves and enriching their societies as they do. From the Ohio contractor working in Baghdad to feed his family back home, to the American professor teaching in Hong Kong, to the Boston-bred banker working in London, these individuals are overwhelmingly productive and law-abiding. In an ever more competitive global marketplace, their presence provides a critical boost to American fortunes in key parts of the world.
So here’s a New Year’s resolution for the IRS and its allies inside the Beltway: Maybe it’s time we treated these Americans as economic assets instead of criminal liabilities.

Via the TaxProf
Related: IRS lowers foreign financial asset filing thresholds; sets up new jaywalker-hunting blinds

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IRS lowers foreign financial asset filing thresholds; sets up new jaywalker-hunting blinds

Friday, December 16th, 2011 by Joe Kristan

Congress last year passed yet another poorly-considered foreign financial asset reporting requirement, one which largely overlaps — but doesn’t replace — existing reporting requirements. Yesterday the IRS issued the rules for complying with the “FATCA” requirements; the rules require reporting at lower amounts than those on their draft forms issued earlier this year.
The new rules (TD 9567) require the filing of new Form 8938 (not yet released in final form) at these threshholds:
Unmarried taxpayers living in the US: The total value of your specified foreign financial assets is more than $50,000 on the last day of the tax year or more than $75,000 (was $100,000 on the draft Form 8938) at any time during the tax year.
Married taxpayers filing a joint income tax return and living in the US: The total value of your specified foreign financial assets is more than $100,000 on the last day of the tax year or more than $150,000 (was $200,000 on the draft 8938) at any time during the tax year.
Married taxpayers filing separate income tax returns and living in the US: The total value of your specified foreign financial assets is more than $50,000 on the last day of the tax year or more than $75,000 (was $100,000 on the draft Form 8938) at any time during the tax year.
The new form will apply to the the same foreign financial accounts covered by the old FBAR Form TD F 90-22.1 — which is still required — for account owners. It will also apply to a number of items that don’t have to be filed under the FBAR rules, including:
- Shares of a foreign company held directly and not through a broker. For example, many policyholders of Canadian insurer Sun Life received share certificates when the company demutualized. Unless the shares have been transferred to a broker, they are to be reported on Form 8938.
- Interests in foreign partnerships
- Loans to foreign persons.
So if you fronted some cash to Uncle Hans in the old country to help him finance his new strudel shop, you might have a reportable foreign financial asset.
The penalties for failure to file this form are stiff: $10,000 for filing the form even a single day late. If experience with other IRS foreign reporting rules is a guide, they will automatically assess this penalty if they think it applies, no questions asked.
The rules for reporting foreign accounts are a mish-mash of overlapping and confusing rules that do more to ensnare the unwary — to shoot the jaywalkers — than to catch international tax cheats. Many of the items reported on the 8938 are already on the FBAR form, or on Form 5471 or Form 8865 (though some information won’t have to be reported a second time). It’s too bad the IRS isn’t doing more to streamline the rules, eliminate duplication, and help people come into compliance. Instead, they are bent on hammering the inadvertent violators.
Additional information:
Press release, IRS Releases Guidance on Foreign Financial Asset Reporting
Do I need to file Form 8938, “Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets”?

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IRS tells cowering jaywalkers that it might not shoot if they come out with their hands up

Friday, December 9th, 2011 by Joe Kristan

The IRS has earned a reputation for asserting harsh penalties on inadvertent violators of the foreign bank account reporting rules — an approach comparable to shooting jaywalkers to encourage traffic compliance. The IRS has now issued a slightly-reassuring “fact sheet” saying that it just might not hit you with penalties if you come in form the cold and had “reasonable cause” for not reporting.

Factors that might weigh in favor of a determination that an FBAR violation was due to reasonable cause include reliance upon the advice of a professional tax advisor who was informed of the existence of the foreign financial account, that the unreported account was established for a legitimate purpose and there were no indications of efforts taken to intentionally conceal the reporting of income or assets, and that there was no tax deficiency (or there was a tax deficiency but the amount was de minimis) related to the unreported foreign account. There may be factors in addition to those listed that weigh in favor of a determination that a violation was due to reasonable cause. No single factor is determinative.
Factors that might weigh against a determination that an FBAR violation was due to reasonable cause include whether the taxpayer

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IRS to sue for peace in war against Americans in Canada; war against other Americans abroad continues

Monday, December 5th, 2011 by Joe Kristan

After bringing the nation to the verge of war with Canada, the IRS is preparing a retreat. Tax Analysts reports ($link) that the IRS is backing off of its aggressive approach to penalizing Americans in Canada who haven’t been reporting their Canadian financial accounts:

While the IRS spokesperson didn’t provide any details on what that guidance will provide, [U.S. Ambassador to Canada David] Jacobson said in the Globe and Mail interview that the IRS will make it clear that if a dual citizen living in Canada files a U.S. tax return late and owes no taxes, there will be no penalties for failure to file. The guidance also will provide that those who were unaware of the FBAR filing requirement will be able to file previous reports now, along with a statement explaining why they’re filing late, and that no penalty will be imposed if the IRS determines that there is reasonable cause. Finally, individuals who took part in the IRS’s 2011 offshore voluntary disclosure initiative or in the 2009 special offshore voluntary disclosure program will be able to get back penalties already paid, according to Jacobson.

That’s all well and good, but the IRS is still using the tactics that triggered the outrage in Canada on Americans worldwide. If it’s outrageous and unreasonable for Americans in Canada, it’s so everywhere.
Related:
Shulman’s great Canadian Pension Raid
Why IRS agents seldom transfer to the Foreign Service

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